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NCT Number: NCT07764900

Transjugular and Transfemoral Embolization for Varicocele.

This prospective study will evaluate two different approaches for performing embolization to treat varicocele, a condition in which the veins around the testicle become enlarged. Thirty patients with varicocele will undergo embolization using either a transjugular approach, through a vein in the neck, or a transfemoral approach, through a vein in the groin. The choice of approach will depend on the patient's venous anatomy and the feasibility of the procedure. Patients will be followed up at one and three months after the procedure to assess treatment effectiveness, symptom improvement, and any complications.

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Key information

Conditions

Varicocele Cardiovascular Diseases Genital Diseases Genital Diseases, Male Male Urogenital Diseases Urogenital Diseases Vascular Diseases

Age range

16 year–60 year

Sex eligibility

Male

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Sohag University - Faculty of Medicine

Sohag, Sohag Governorate, 82524, Egypt

Location status: Recruiting

Location contact

Arsanious Maher adib, MBBCh

CONTACT

[email protected]

+201287522810

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • 1. Male patients aged 16-60 years. 2. Clinically palpable varicocele (Grade II or III) or subclinical varicocele associated with abnormal semen parameters.
  • Recurrent varicocele following previous surgical treatment. 4. Presence of scrotal pain, testicular atrophy, or infertility attributed to varicocele.
  • Willingness to participate in the study and provide written informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

  • 1. Secondary varicocele due to a retroperitoneal mass or renal vein obstruction.
  • Known allergy to iodinated contrast media. 3. Coagulation disorders or contraindications to endovascular procedures.

Treatment and study plan

Percutaneous Varicocele Embolization Using N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate (NBCA)

Procedure

Percutaneous varicocele embolization will be performed under fluoroscopic guidance using a transvenous approach, either transfemoral or transjugular, according to the venous anatomy and operator preference. Selective catheterization of the internal spermatic vein will be performed, followed by embolization using N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) glue. Technical success will be assessed by completion venography demonstrating occlusion of the targeted varicocele veins and absence of significant residual venous reflux.

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in Pain Intensity Measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).

    Time frame: 1 month after the procedure

    Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the worst imaginable pain. A decrease in the VAS score indicates improvement in pain. The change in VAS score from baseline to 1 month after varicocele embolization will be assessed.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Change in Pain Intensity Measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at 3 Months.

    Time frame: 3 months after the procedure

    Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the worst imaginable pain. A decrease in the VAS score indicates improvement in pain. The change in VAS score from baseline to 3 months after varicocele embolization will be assessed.

  2. Change in Maximum Diameter of the Pampiniform Plexus Veins on Doppler Ultrasound

    Time frame: 3 months after the procedure

    The maximum diameter of the pampiniform plexus veins will be measured using color and spectral Doppler ultrasound before and after varicocele embolization. A decrease in the maximum venous diameter indicates improvement. The change in venous diameter from baseline to 3 months after the procedure will be assessed.

  3. Resolution of Venous Reflux on Doppler Ultrasound

    Time frame: 3 months after the procedure

    Venous reflux will be assessed using color and spectral Doppler ultrasound. Resolution of reflux will be defined as the absence of demonstrable venous reflux after varicocele embolization. The presence or absence of venous reflux will be assessed at 3 months after the procedure.

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

arsanious Maher adib, MBBCh

CONTACT

[email protected]

+201287522810

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Sohag University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Combined Role of Transjugular and Transfemoral Embolization in the Management of Varicocele.

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2027
Study completion
2027
First posted
Aug 14, 2026
Registry last updated
Aug 14, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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