This Prospective Observational Study Aims to Evaluate the Capability of Ultra-high-resolution Photon-counting CT Angiography (UHR PCD-CTA) for Noninvasive Evaluation of Intracranial Venous Sinus Stents. The Study Will Compare Image Quality, Stent Visualization, Metal-related Artifacts, and Diagnosti

Intracranial venous sinus stenting has become an important treatment option for patients with symptomatic venous sinus stenosis, particularly those with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Accurate imaging follow-up after stent placement is essential for evaluating stent patency, recurrent stenosis, and potential complications such as in-stent thrombosis or occlusion.

Conventional CT angiography (CTA) is commonly used for noninvasive follow-up after venous sinus stent implantation; however, accurate assessment of stented venous sinuses remains challenging due to metal-related artifacts. Blooming artifact caused by the high attenuation of metallic stent material may result in overestimation of stent thickness and obscuration of the stent lumen. In addition, beam-hardening artifacts from the stent and adjacent skull structures may further degrade image quality and reduce diagnostic confidence, potentially limiting the ability of CTA to detect clinically significant restenosis or thrombotic complications.

Inclusion criteria

• Adults aged ≥18 years. History of intracranial venous sinus stent implantation. Undergoing follow-up contrast-enhanced CT angiography after stent placement. Available clinical and imaging data.

Exclusion criteria

• Severe motion artifacts affecting image interpretation. Contraindication to iodinated contrast media. Severe renal impairment preventing contrast-enhanced CT examination. Incomplete imaging data. Other conditions preventing reliable assessment of the venous sinus stent.