Polygonatum Sibiricum Reduces Visceral Fat in Obese Adults

Inclusion criteria

• Age 18 to 65 years, male or female;
• Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m², or body fat percentage ≥ 25% for males or ≥ 30% for females, and visceral fat area ≥ 100 cm²;
• Body weight stable within the past 3 months, with fluctuation not exceeding 5%;
• Able to understand the study content, voluntarily sign the informed consent form, and willing to complete follow-up visits and required examinations as scheduled.

Exclusion criteria

• Secondary obesity (e.g., caused by endocrine disorders such as hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, or polycystic ovary syndrome);
• Previous metabolic surgery or current use of weight-loss medications;
• Concomitant severe hyperglycemia or lipid metabolism disorders requiring immediate intensive treatment;
• Concomitant severe cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease, or unstable medical condition;
• Significant hepatic or renal dysfunction (e.g., ALT or AST > 2-3 times the upper limit of normal, or eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m²);
• Malignant tumors, active infections, or autoimmune diseases;
• Use of antibiotics, probiotics, or other agents that may affect gut microbiota within the past month;
• Pregnancy, lactation, or plans for pregnancy;
• Allergy to or intolerance of any component of the investigational product;
• Any other conditions deemed unsuitable for participation in this study by the investigator.