Multicomponent Exercise Program Effects on Performance and Injury Reduction in Recreational Runners

In order to execute the jump the participant jumped with fast deceleration till 90-degree squat position followed by maximum effort acceleration while holding their hand on their hip. Subjects should perform three jumps, and the best of the three was used. There should be 1-minute rest period between repetitions .

The participant will perform drop jump from a 30 cm box. They should keep their hands on their hips while executing the jump all the time. At the start of the jump, the participant must step off the box with one foot. After drop patient should jump maximally as soon as possible after touching the ground. Therefore, minimum ground contact time and maximum vertical distance were expected Three trials should executed, and the best one will used in the analysis

Isometric strength of the gluteus medius will be assessed using the Microfet 2 handheld dynamometer, which was reliable for measuring the hip muscle system. The participant must exert maximal effort for 5 seconds in a predetermined direction which was hip abduction in this case. Two repetitions will be performed, and the best result will be recorded. Hip abduction will be measured in the side-lying position with the contralateral leg flexed at 30 degrees at the hip and knee. The tested leg will be positioned at 0 degrees hip flexion, 10 degrees hip abduction, and full knee extension. The dynamometer will be placed 5 cm proximally to the lateral condyle of the femur. A strap will be used to secure the patient from the iliac crest to the bed . Before executing the test 3 sets of 5 second submaximal contraction required for warm up.

the handheld dynamometer was applicable for assessing quadriceps peak torque and late torque production rate . The intraclass correlation coefficient for isometric quadriceps measurements was 0.96. The dynamometer was secured by attaching a strap to leg extension machine . The quadriceps muscle strength will be assessed while seated with the knee flexed at 60 degrees. Three trials will be used and the best one will be recorded . There will be three submaximal contractions for adaptation for warm up . The dynamometer will be placed on the anterior tibia, two fingers above the lateral malleolus . Handles will be used to secure participants. Maximum leg extension will be wanted from patient to measure strength after positioning patient for about 6-8 second.

The assessment will be performed with the knee flexed at 30 degrees in a seated position in a leg extension machine secured by straps from thigh and handles in the sides [88,89]. Three trials will be used, and the best one will be recorded . There will be three submaximal contractions for adaptation and warm up beforehand . The dynamometer will be at the level of the lateral malleolus, and the evaluator stabilizing the dynamometer strap using their body . Maximum leg flexion will be wanted from patient to measure strength after positioning patient for about 6-8 second.

Calf endurance test was valid test for assessing calf endurance. The participants will perform as many calves raises as possible on a 10-degree inclined surface, extending their knees and using a metronome of 30 beats per minute representing 30 repetitions per minute . Before the test, each participant will warm up with ten bilateral standing heel raises to get used to the metronome speed. The test termination criteria will be explained to the participants which were if the heel can no longer be raised off the incline board, if the digital metronome's pace can no longer be followed and if the knee angle or trunk posture can no longer be maintained or more than fingertip support on the wall is required for balance. A verbal cue was supplied if a termination requirement was met. When two successive prompts went unanswered, the test was stopped .

The participant will be asked to maintain the maximum duration in seconds throughout the predefined positions. The posterior core will be assessed using the horizontal extension test, the lateral core using the lateral bridge, and the anterior core using the prone bridge.

FPI consisted of 6 measurements which were themed from parts of the foot such as forefoot, midfoot and rearfoot. Each evaluation scored with 5 scores consisting of -2 to +2. These evaluations were: talar head palpation, curves above and below lateral malleolus, inversion and eversion of the calcaneus, bulge in the region of talonavicular joint, congruence of the medial longitudinal arch, abduction and adduction of forefoot on the rearfoot (too-many-toes) .Participant will evaluated in a relaxed standing position .

The distance from navicular tuberosity will be measured via using a meter in sitting position when subtalar joint was in neutral position. After that same distance will be measured in weight bearing position. The difference between the two measurements will give the navicular drop difference.

When the athlete begins the test, their speed was 8.5 kilometers per hour (km/h) and were increased by 0.5 km/h in every minute. The test stopped if the athlete cannot keep up with the pace or fails to complete the shuttle within the predetermined time limits on two consecutive attempts . VO2 max values calculated according to the results described by Ramsbotton and colleagues and the VO2 max conversion table .

Injury tracking and training-related variables will be collected through questionnaire that was created for this study. The questionnaire will be self-administered and will used to assess the incidence and prevalence of injuries. It included questions about how many sessions of the programs were performed weekly and the duration of each session. Additionally, there were questions about the number of weekly running training sessions, the surface, the distance covered, and the duration of each session. Finally, there were questions about whether an injury occurred, the location of the injury, how (sudden or gradual) and when the pain manifested. An injury was classified as a running-related injury resulting inability to participate in the next training session due to any musculoskeletal complaint . A Google form will be used to collect these questions.