Periodontitis on Gingival Crevicular Fluid Metobolomics

Sixty adults will be enrolled: 30 with periodontitis and 30 with periodontal health. Gingival crevicular fluid will be collected using four sterile absorbent paper strips inserted sequentially into the deepest eligible periodontal site or gingival sulcus. The strips will be pooled in a coded tube and stored immediately at -20 °C. Blood-contaminated samples will be discarded. Laboratory personnel will be blinded to group allocation. Targeted metabolomic findings will be compared between groups and correlated with periodontal clinical parameters.

Inclusion criteria

• Age between 18 and 70 years.
• Ability to understand the study procedures and provide written informed consent.
• For the periodontitis group: diagnosis of periodontitis according to the 2018 classification of periodontal diseases.
• For the healthy control group: periodontal health according to the 2018 classification, with no current diagnosis or history of periodontitis.

Exclusion criteria

• Periodontal treatment during the previous 6 months.
• Use of antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or immunosuppressive agents during the previous 6 months.
• Pregnancy.