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NCT Number: NCT07173231

Use of VR for Diagnostic Hysteroscopy

Background: Hysteroscopy (HSC) is a minimally invasive gynecological procedure that is considered to be the gold standard for diagnosing and treating intrauterine pathologies. In recent years, its use in outpatient settings for diagnosis has grown significantly due to its efficiency, low complication rate, and good patient acceptability. However, many patients still report significant pain and anxiety during the procedure. Despite advances in instrumentation and technique, pain remains a key reason for procedural failure, often worsened by preprocedural anxiety. While pharmacological strategies can be used to address this issue, they are not always suitable due to lack of effectiveness or feasibility. As a result, non-pharmacological approaches such as virtual reality (VR) and hypnosis are being increasingly explored.

Objective: This pilot study aims to assess the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effects of immersive virtual reality (IVR) and Hypno-VR (HVR) in managing pain and anxiety during diagnostic HSC.

Methods: This pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) will follow a three-arm parallel design to compare: 1- standard care, 2- IVR + standard care, and 3- HVR + standard care, during diagnostic HSC. A total of 45 participants (15/arm) will be recruited from the CHU Sainte-Justine's gynecology clinic and randomly assigned to one of the three groups. Primary outcomes will concern feasibility and acceptability including satisfaction of both patients and healthcare professionals. Secondary outcomes will assess self-reported pain and anxiety, physiological responses, procedure duration, procedure failure, and conversion rate from the "no-touch" vaginoscopy technique to traditional tools like the speculum and tenaculum. Demographic characteristics will also be explored as potential moderators of intervention effectiveness.

Results/Conclusion: This pilot study will provide preliminary data on the effects of IVR and HVR on procedural pain and anxiety during diagnostic HSC. It will also assess the feasibility and the acceptability of integrating these interventions into an outpatient setting. The findings will provide essential data in preparation for a larger clinical trial

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Key information

Conditions

Hysteroscopy Anxiety Anxiety Disorders Mental Disorders Neurologic Manifestations Pain Pain, Procedural Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Signs and Symptoms

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

Female

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

CHU Sainte-Justine Hospital

Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada

Location status: Recruiting

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Minimum 18 years old
  • Speak and read French or English
  • Scheduled to undergo a diagnostic hysteroscopy

Exclusion criteria

  • Having a diagnosis of epilepsy
  • Recent ophthalmologic surgery (< 1month) or any ophtalmologic problems that could interfere with the patient's ability to use the VR technology

Treatment and study plan

Immersive Virtual Reality Distraction (IVR)

Device

The first experimental group will receive the INSPIRE® IVR intervention in addition to usual care. This intervention integrates immersive virtual environments with sensor-guided deep breathing techniques to engage the parasympathetic nervous system and promote relaxation. Within a calming forest environment, participants are guided to synchronize their breathing with the movement of a feather, encouraging breath control and relaxation.

Hypno-Virtual Reality Distraction (HVR)

Device

The second experimental group will receive the HVR intervention in addition to usual care. This intervention, developed by HypnoVR, consists of a VR visual scenario combined with hypnotic verbal guidance specifically designed to reduce pain and anxiety during medical procedures.

Usual Care Group

Other

The usual care group will only receive the standard preparation, which includes pre-treatment with Tylenol (1000mg) , Naproxen (500mg) and Ativan (1 mg) administered one hour prior to the procedure.

Primary outcomes

  1. Completion rate of the planned intervention

    Time frame: To be reported at the end of the intervention, about 2 minutes after the end of the hysteroscopy procedure (T2)

    Completion rate of the planned intervention will be assessed as the proportion of participants who complete their allocated intervention out of the total number of participants randomized.

  2. Recruitment rate

    Time frame: To be reported right before the procedure, at baseline (T0)

    Recruitment rate will be assessed as the proportion of patients who consent to participate out of the total number of HSC procedures performed.

  3. The healthcare professionals' satisfaction level

    Time frame: To be reported at the end of the intervention, about 2 minutes after the end of the hysteroscopy procedure (T2)

    The healthcare professionals' satisfaction level will be assessed using a customized questionnaire comprising 7-10 items, depending on the intervention used. Each item will be rated on a four-point Likert scale, ranging from "Strongly agree" to "Strongly disagree," evaluating their satisfaction with the intervention and its perceived impact on the procedure (T2).

  4. The patient's satisfaction level

    Time frame: To be reported at the end of the intervention, about 2 minutes after the end of the hysteroscopy procedure (T2)

    The patient's satisfaction level towards the intervention will be assessed using a Verbal Numerical Rating Scale (VNRS), ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates "very dissatisfied" and 10 indicates "very satisfied." Patients will be asked the following question: "Considering anxiety relief, pain relief, side effects, and emotional recovery, how satisfied were you with the treatments you received during the procedure?" (T2).

  5. Patient's acceptability towards the intervention

    Time frame: To be reported at the end of the intervention, about 2 minutes after the end of the hysteroscopy procedure (T2)

    The patient's acceptability towards the intervention will be assessed using the Treatment Acceptability & Preference (TAP) questionnaire: 10 questions (6 Likert-scale items from 0 to 4 and 4 open-ended questions). These questions focus on acceptability, satisfaction, ease of use, perceptions, and suggestions for improvement (T2).

Secondary outcomes

  1. Pain intensity

    Time frame: Assessments will be conducted at baseline (T0), 2 minutes after the intervention (T2), and one week post-intervention (T3). The T3 assessment will be performed by a research assistant.

    Pain intensity will be measured using the Verbal Numerical Rating Scale (VNRS), a self-report scale ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 represents no pain and 10 corresponds to the worst pain imaginable.

  2. Anxiety intensity

    Time frame: Measurements will be taken at baseline (T0), 2 minutes after the intervention (T2), and one week later (T3). The T3 evaluation will be conducted by a research assistant through the participant's preferred mode of communication.

    Anxiety intensity will be assessed using a validated self-report scale (VNRS) ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 signifies no anxiety and 10 indicates the highest possible level of anxiety.

  3. Change in heart rate

    Time frame: Heart rate (beats per minute) will be measured right before the procedure, at baseline (T0) and about 2 minutes after the end of the hysteroscopy procedure (T2).

    Change in heart rate (beats per minute) will be measured by using COVIDIEN Nellcor pulse oxygen saturation meter, an approved and validated device (T0, T2).

  4. Failure of hysteroscopy

    Time frame: To be reported during the procedure (T1)

    Failure of hysteroscopy will be assessed by recording the number of procedures that are not completed as intended or that require rescheduling.

  5. Required time for the procedure

    Time frame: To be reported during the procedure (T1)

    Required time for the procedure will be measured in minutes, starting from the insertion of the hysteroscope intravaginally to its removal, and will be recorded by the research nurse.

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Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

St. Justine's Hospital

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Comparisons Between Virtual Reality and Hypno-Virtual Reality for Procedural Pain and Anxiety During a Diagnostic Hysteroscopy: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Acronym: VR-HYSTERO

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2027
Study completion
2027
First posted
Sep 15, 2025
Registry last updated
Sep 21, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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