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NCT Number: NCT07170904

Dietary Patterns, Inflammation, Zinc Status, and Body Composition in Multi-Ethnic Women of Reproductive Age in Jakarta

This study aims to determine the relationship between dietary patterns and hair zinc levels with body composition, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and blood pressure in women of reproductive age from different ethnic backgrounds in Jakarta, Indonesia (specifically Minangkabau, Sundanese, Javanese, Betawi, and Chinese). Participants are assessed once through dietary assessment, anthropometric measurements, and biological sample collection.

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Key information

Conditions

Body Composition Blood Pressure Dietary Analysis TNF Alpha Zinc Status

Age range

19 year–49 year

Sex eligibility

Female

Study type

Observational

Primary location

Human Nutrition Research Center (HNRC) Laboratory, IMERI, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia

Location status: Recruiting

About this study

This cross-sectional observational study will evaluate dietary patterns and their association with nutritional status and inflammation in women of reproductive age. Participants will undergo dietary intake assessments (including the SQ-FFQ and a 3-day food diary), anthropometric and body composition measurements using the BOD POD (weight, height, fat mass, fat-free mass), and biospecimen sampling (blood and hair) for laboratory analysis of TNF-α and hair zinc concentrations. These findings are expected to offer information about dietary determinants and zinc micronutrient status that influence body composition, inflammation, and blood pressure in urban reproductive-age women from diverse ethnic backgrounds.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Women aged 19-49 years
  • Residing in Jakarta for at least 6 months
  • Currently menstruating (not menopausal)
  • From Minangkabau, Sundanese, Javanese, Betawi, or Chinese ethnicity
  • Not pregnant or breastfeeding at the time of study

Exclusion criteria

  • History of chronic diseases (e.g., diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer)
  • Currently on a medically prescribed diet or taking medication affecting nutrient status
  • Any condition interfering with accurate body composition measurement

Treatment and study plan

Not applicable- observational study

Other

This is an observational study; no interventions are administered to participants.

Primary outcomes

  1. Dietary Zinc Intake

    Time frame: At baseline (single assessment)

    Average daily zinc intake (mg/day) will be assessed using two dietary assessment methods: a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) and multiple-day Food Records. For women aged 19 to 49 years, the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is 8 mg/day, the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is 6.8 mg/day, and the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is 40 mg/day. Higher or lower values will be interpreted relative to these reference standards.

  2. Diet Quality Assessed by HEI-2020

    Time frame: Baseline (cross-sectional assessment at enrollment)

    The Healthy Eating Index-2020 (HEI-2020) is a measure of diet quality that assesses conformance to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The score ranges from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better adherence and higher diet quality.

  3. Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI)

    Time frame: Baseline (cross-sectional data collection)

    The Planetary Health Diet (PHD), proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission, is a dietary pattern designed to promote human health and environmental sustainability. The Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) is a scoring system (range: 0-150) that measures adherence to the PHD, with higher scores indicating greater adherence.

  4. Ultra-Processed Food (UPF) intake

    Time frame: Baseline (cross-sectional data collection)

    UPF intake will be estimated using the NOVA classification, expressed as percentage of total energy intake (%TEI). Higher percentages indicate worse outcome (poorer diet quality due to higher UPF intake).

  5. Body Composition (Fat Mass, Fat-Free Mass)

    Time frame: At baseline (single assessment)

    Measured using BOD POD to determine body fat percentage, fat mass, and fat-free mass

  6. Hair Zinc Concentration

    Time frame: At baseline (single assessment)

    Zinc concentration measured from hair samples as an indicator of long-term zinc status

  7. Blood Pressure

    Time frame: At baseline (single assessment)

    Systolic and diastolic blood pressure are measured to assess cardiovascular health status

Secondary outcomes

  1. Inflammatory Biomarker Levels (TNF-α in Serum)

    Time frame: At baseline (single assessment)

    Serum TNF-α measured as a marker of inflammation, assessed in approximately 30% of total participants (sub-sample)

Interested in participating?

Recruiting

Interested in participating?

Request Info

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Indonesia University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

The Relationship Between Dietary Patterns and Hair Zinc Levels With Body Composition, TNF-α, and Blood Pressure in Women of Reproductive Age (WRA) With Multi-Ethnicities in Jakarta: A Cross-Sectional Study

Acronym: DIVERSE

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2025
Study completion
2026
First posted
Sep 12, 2025
Registry last updated
Dec 4, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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