Efficacy and Safety of Topical Amphotericin B Solution in Treatment of Resistant Tinea Capitis in Children 16 Years Old or Less we Follow up Cases Weekly up to 8 Weeks and Notice Improvement of Itching ,Scaling, and Hair Regrowth Then Fungal Culture Done to See if the Solution Working

The aim of the study will be to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical amphotericin B solution in treatment of non-inflammatory type of tinea capitis after resistant response to oral systemic treatment .

Patient and method After approval of the study by Research and Ethical committee at Sohag faculty of medicine, this study will include group of patients attending the outpatient clinic of Dermatology, venereology and andrology department in Sohag university hospital.

An informed written consent will be obtained from parents of all participants after full explanation of the procedure.

Inclusion criteria

Children aged < 16 years affected by tinea capitis non inflammatory type who are clinically and dermoscopically confirmed after resistant response to oral systemic treatment for 8 weeks.

Study design : prospective clinical study. Sample Size : 30 participants.

Exclusion criteria

Patients with inflammatory tinea capitis, kerion or favus. Patients with known hypersensitivity to amphotericin B, other systemic conditions or ongoing use of conflicting medications.

method All recruited children will be submitted to clinical assessment as follows

• Personal history: name, age, sex, residence.
• Family history of similar condition.
• Medical history: received systemic antifungal treatment type, dose and for how long.
• Laporatory investigation :CBC and liver function test.
• Complete general examination. To exclude any systemic diseases.
• Dermatological examination:

Clinical examination:

Description of the lesion (site, size, shape, presence of scales, loss of hair or Lymphadenopathy).

Dermoscopic examination:

Dermoscopic features of tinea capitis non inflammatory type includes

• Comma hairs (short hairs that bend and grow back toward the scalp,resembling a comma)
• Corkscrew hairs (short hairs that are coiled up like a corkscrew)
• Zigzag hairs (short hairs with several bends in them like a zigzag pattern)
• Morse code-like .
• Bent hairs.
• Scales, follicular keratosis, and crusts -Erythema -Broken hairs -Black dots.

Procedure:

Preparation Prepare a 2.5% amphotericin B solution by reconstitute liposomal amphotericin B 50 mg vial in 20 ml distilled water result in a final concentration of 2.5 mg/ml. The resulting solution will be stored in bottles with a dropper and protected from light with aluminum foil.

Application Patients apply the solution to each affected area and briefly let the solution evaporate.

Frequency: Apply once daily. Duration: Continue treatment for 8 weeks or until clinical resolution with dermoscopic confirmation.

Treatment Protocol Baseline assessment. Perform a thorough clinical assessment. Instruct patients/guardians on proper application techniques. Schedule weekly follow-ups for 8 weeks. Monitoring

• Monitor for clinical signs of improvement: reduction in itching, scaling and hair regrowth Weekly for 8 weeks then follow up after 1 month with dermoscopic photographing .
• A fungal culture test will be done in follow up visit after 1 month to test if the treatment is working.
• follow up monitor for side effects: local irritation, redness or systemic reactions

Inclusion criteria

• Children aged < 16 years affected by tinea capitis non inflammatory type who are clinically and dermoscopically confirmed after resistant response to oral systemic treatment for 8 weeks.

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with inflammatory tinea capitis, kerion or favus. Patients with known hypersensitivity to amphotericin B, other systemic conditions or ongoing use of conflicting medications.