Association Between Sarcopenia And Diabetic Neuropathy In Adults With Type 1 Diabetes, A Pilot Study

Inclusion criteria

• Age 50-80 years, both sexes
• Diagnosis of T1DM for at least 10 years, in both multiple daily injections of insulin (MDI) and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII)
• Informed consent before any study activity
• Ability to fully perform all protocol activities

Exclusion criteria

• Previous diagnosis of T2DM
• Previous diagnosis of dementia
• Presence of heart failure (NYHA class III and IV)
• Presence of muscular disease
• Diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease (e.g. multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease)
• eGFR evaluated through CKD-EPI formula <20 ml/min /1.73m2 , estimated on previous creatinine dosage
• Previous history of stroke or cerebrovascular disease
• Diagnosis of coeliac disease
• Diagnosis of chronic inflammatory bowel disease
• Untreated hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism or not well controlled hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism with current therapy (TSH >5 or TSH <0.15)
• Alcohol abuse or consumption of more than 14 alcoholic units weekly
• Active cancer or therapy
• Pregnancy
• Primary hyperparathyroidism
• Corticosteroid and/or estrogen-progestogen therapy for at least 12 months in medical history
• On going treatment with antiretroviral therapy
• On going treatment with immunosuppressive therapy, e.g. cyclosporine, tacrolimus
• On going treatment with anti-epileptic drugs