Dexamethasone in Traumatic Brain Injury

This is double-blind trial, where group D will be received Dexamethasone, where group C will be received saline placebo.

In emergency room (ER), trauma patients will be assessed and managed according to our local hospital protocol. After the initial resuscitation of patients. The selection was done according to the inclusion criteria. Baseline investigations

• C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin -6(IL-6), C-reactive protein/Albumin ratio (CAR), complete blood count (CBC) for neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR).
• Prothrombin concentration (PC), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and INR.

Group D, will be received Dexamethasone (loading dose of 10 mg in 5 ml saline, followed by a 8 mg in 5 ml saline of maintenance dose every 6 hours for 48 h). Group C, will be received saline (loading dose of 5 ml saline 0.9%, followed by a 5 ml saline 0.9% of maintenance saline dose every 6 hours for 48 h) to monitor the post-interventional inflammatory response (CBC for NLR, PLR), CRP, IL-6, C-reactive protein/Albumin ratio (CAR), hemostasis (PC, PT, activated PTT, and international normalized ratio (INR)) and short-term outcome. Conscious level will be assessed by Glasgow come scale (GCS), delirium by Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS score) and hemodynamics will be continuously monitored. Patients will be monitored and managed in intermediate or intensive care unit. Adverse effects and complications will be recorded and managed.

Inclusion criteria

• Isolated traumatic brain injury patients (mild or moderate cases)
• GCS > 8
• non penetrating TBI in 8 hours onset
• Age ≥ 18 years

Exclusion criteria

• Patient in cardiac arrest
• Patients with coagulopathies
• All diabetic patients
• Renal failure patients
• pregnancy
• Patient refusal to participate