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Completed

NCT Number: NCT04720625

Adapt2Quit - An Adaptive Motivational System for Socio-Economically Disadvantaged Smokers

The goal of this research is to test the Adapt2Quit computer program that uses participant input (message rating on how much the text motivational message might influence one to quit smoking) to select and text motivational messages that are more likely to help a user stop smoking. This Adapt2Quit system will be compared with a quitline facilitation-only control (text messages will be sent to facilitate quitline use). The primary research hypothesis is that the Adapt2Quit recommender-selected messages will be more effective than a texting quitline facilitation-only control for smoking cessation among socioeconomically disadvantaged (SED) smokers.

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Key information

Conditions

Tobacco Smoking Behavior Smoking Tobacco Use

Age range

18 year–99 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States

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About this study

The Adapt2Quit trial (NCT04720625) is a randomized controlled trial testing a machine-learning-driven text messaging system aimed at increasing smoking cessation rates among socioeconomically disadvantaged adults.

The 6-month study compares an adaptive, personalized motivational messaging intervention against standard Quitline facilitation, utilizing AI to select tailored behavioral prompts based on user feedback.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Current smoker
  • Socioeconomically disadvantaged (SED) (using the following criteria: unemployed or underemployed, low income as defined by the federal poverty level guidelines, uninsured or underinsured, and/or have less than a high school education)
  • English-speaking
  • Active in care (at least two clinical visits in the last year)
  • Have a texting-enabled cell phone

Exclusion criteria

  • Not a current smoker
  • Adults unable to consent
  • Individuals who are not yet adults (infants, children, teenagers)
  • Prisoners
  • Pregnant women
  • Pilot study participants

Treatment and study plan

Adapt2Quit

Behavioral

Motivational text messages and quitline facilitation text messages will be sent to participants; these participants will receive Adapt2Quit (experimental) messages as well as quitline facilitation messages.

Control

Behavioral

Quitline facilitation text messages will be sent to participants; these participants will receive quitline facilitation-only messages.

Primary outcomes

  1. Number of Participants With Biochemically Verified 7-Day Point Prevalence Tobacco Abstinence at 6 Months

    Time frame: 6-months post-randomization

    Participants who self-reported no tobacco use in the past 7 days at the 6-month follow-up underwent biochemical verification using the CoVita Smokerlyzer breath carbon monoxide (CO) monitor. Participants with a CO measurement of ≤6 ppm were classified as abstinent; those with a CO measurement of >6 ppm were classified as tobacco users.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Number of Participants With Self-Reported 7-Day Point Prevalence Cigarette Abstinence at 6 Months

    Time frame: 6-months post-randomization

    Self-reported cigarette abstinence was assessed at the 6-month follow-up using the question: "Do you currently smoke cigarettes, even one puff in the last 7 days?" Participants who answered "No" were classified as self-reported abstinent.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

University of Massachusetts, Worcester

Other

Collaborators

  • Baystate Health
  • Johns Hopkins University
  • National Cancer Institute (NCI)
  • National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Registry information

Official study title

Adapt2Quit - A Machine-Learning, Adaptive Motivational System: RCT for Socio-Economically Disadvantaged Smokers

Acronym: A2Q

Important dates

Study start
2021
Primary completion
2024
Study completion
2025
First posted
Jan 22, 2021
Registry last updated
Jul 31, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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