Real World Study of Classic Infectious Disease

Brucellosis is present in humans and animals in nearly 170 countries and regions around the world. In the 1950s and 1960s, brucellosis was seriously prevalent in China. In the 1970s, the epidemic gradually declined. It was basically controlled in the 1980s and early 1990s, but since the mid-1990s, the epidemic has continued to rise rapidly, and brucellosis It has become one of the fastest infectious diseases reporting the rising incidence rate. In 2016, 47,139 cases were reported, with an incidence rate of 3.44/100,000. The provinces with the most reported cases are Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Shanxi Province and Heilongjiang Province. However, in the southern non-pastoral areas of Guangdong Province and Guangxi Province, brucellosis outbreaks have occurred in recent years, and the incidence rates in Henan and Fujian provinces have continued to rise.

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, also known as epidemic hemorrhagic fever, is an infectious disease caused by the Hantavirus. The main clinical features are fever, exudation, hemorrhage, hypotensive shock, and kidney damage. It was once epidemic viral infection in China after viral hepatitis. In the 1980s, the number of cases reported exceeded 100,000. More than 1650,000 patients have been reported in China since 1950, including more than 47,000 deaths, with a total case fatality rate of approximately 2.89%. The number of people in the province accounted for more than 80% of the total number of people in the country. From 2004 to 2015, Shaanxi Province and the three northeastern provinces were the hardest hit areas of national hemorrhagic fever.

There are reports of sporadic leishmaniasis in China, but they are rare and lack corresponding epidemiological data. In 2015, 507 new cases of visceral leishmaniasis were reported, which was a high level in the past 10 years. However, the incidence rate remains at a low level of 0.0372/100,000. In recent years, visceral leishmaniasis is mainly distributed in the northwestern part of China, and there are many cases reported in the southwestern part of the country. The three areas with the highest incidence rate are Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Gansu Province and Sichuan Province. The cases in non-endemic areas are mainly adults who go to work in popular areas, and mainly male physical workers, while the popular areas are mainly infants and young children.

Inclusion criteria

Brucellosis： Patients with any of the following confirmed the evidence.

• sample culture: Brucella;
• Specific antigen or antibody (IgG or IgM) positive. epidemic hemorrhagic fever：

1 specific antibody positive 2 Hantavirus RNA positive kala-azar：

• latent infection: rK39 antibody positive
• patients with the following evidence of kala-azar diagnosis: 1) bone marrow, spleen puncture sample culture: Leishmania; 2) bone marrow, spleen puncture sample smear: Leishmania; 3) clinical symptoms, history of exposure or epidemiology, and positive screening test (rK39 positive)

Exclusion criteria

• Patient history data is incomplete
• HIV antibody positive and AIDS patients
• Patients who participated in other clinical trials during the same period.
• Pregnant, lactating women or women of childbearing age who are ready to conceive.