Almond Butter and Fasting Glucose

Control of fasting blood glucose is a challenge for many individuals with diabetes. Researchers want to better understand how a nighttime snack can affect morning fasting blood glucose. A two-period randomized crossover trial will be conducted. Participants will be randomized to receive each treatment for 1 week. During the almond butter treatment, participants will consume 2 tbsp of almond butter per day as an evening snack. The control treatments will be a no-snack control. Fasting blood glucose, as well as glucose trends, will be measured using Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM). Participants will also be asked to take simple cognitive tests on a study-provided smartphone each day of the study and report their daily food intake and physical activity.

Inclusion criteria

• Individuals with diagnosed type 2 diabetes
• Not on insulin therapy
• On stable does of oral antihyperglycemic agent (no dose change for 6 months)
• Currently monitoring blood glucose at home via glucometer
• Willing and able to adhere to study protocol

Exclusion criteria

• Individuals with type 1 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, liver disease, cancer or inflammatory conditions (e.g. GI disorders, rheumatoid arthritis)
• Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or have been pregnant within the last 6 months or breastfeeding within the last 6 weeks
• Individuals who smoke or use tobacco products
• Use of insulin therapy or sulfonylurea medications
• Allergy to any tree nut
• Liver or kidney disease
• Allergy to Dexcom CGM adhesive