Effect of Diets on the Gut Microbiota Composition and Cardiometabolic Wellbeing

The study will use controlled-feeding, systems-biology, metagenomic, and metabolomic approaches to examine American dietary patterns.

Inclusion criteria

• generally good health status based on one routine physical in the past 15 months, current health status
• normal HbA1C, weigh 110 lb or more
• Age 50 years or more, generally healthy, all races and both sexes
• generally practicing a meat-based dietary pattern, do not have any special dietary requirement, and
• willingness to comply with the study protocol, including on-site meal consumption and sample/data collection.

Exclusion criteria

• medication usage, probiotic, long-term antibiotic, and tobacco/drug/alcohol use
• Not on any special diet within 3 months of recruitment, and do not have any intention to lose weight.
• impaired kidney functions
• Active history of cancer, diabetes, heart, liver, and kidney diseases
• major gastrointestinal disorders in the past 3 months
• history of heart attacks or stroke
• Unable to meet in-person visit requirements for dining, picking up meals, and tests
• Any mental health condition that would affect the ability to provide written informed consent.
• If they had not had a routine health checkup during the 12 months prior to recruitment.
• If they were unwilling to abstain from taking nutritional supplements, alcohol, non-study foods, and beverage during the study period.