8 Weeks of L-CIT Supplementation and LIRET on Vascular Function in Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women

Endothelial function will be assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation alone using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation. All measurements will be performed using Doppler ultrasound.

Endothelial function will be assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation alone using superficial femoral artery flow-mediated dilation. All measurements will be performed using Doppler ultrasound.

After the 4-week assessment, endothelial function will be assessed after 4 additional weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation with combined low-intensity resistance exercise training with the legs using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation. All measurements will be performed using Doppler ultrasound.

After the 4-week assessment, endothelial function will be assessed after 4 additional weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation with combined low-intensity resistance exercise training with the legs using superficial femoral artery flow-mediated dilation. All measurements will be performed using Doppler ultrasound.

Blood flow will be measured in the brachial artery during low intensity arm exercise. All measurements will be performed using Doppler ultrasound.

Blood flow will be measured in the superficial femoral arteries during low intensity leg exercise. All measurements will be performed using Doppler ultrasound.

After the 4-week assessment, blood flow will be measured in the brachial artery during low intensity arm exercise. All measurements will be performed using Doppler ultrasound.

After the 4-week assessment, blood flow will be measured in the superficial femoral artery during low intensity leg exercise. All measurements will be performed using Doppler ultrasound.

Arterial stiffness will be assessed using pulse wave velocity of the arm (carotid-radial), leg (femoral-ankle), and aorta (carotid-femoral) at baseline and after 4 weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation alone using applanation tonometry.

Arterial stiffness will be assessed using pulse wave velocity of the arms (carotid-radial), legs (femoral-ankle), and aorta (carotid femoral) using applanation tonometry after 4 additional weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation with combined low-intensity resistance exercise training with the legs.

The speed and reflection pressures, both representing aortic hemodynamic parameters, will be assessed using radial artery pulses and a validated transfer function (AtCor Medical) at baseline and after 4 weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation alone.

The speed and reflection pressures, both representing aortic hemodynamic parameters, will be assessed using radial artery pulses and a validated transfer function (AtCor Medical) after 4 additional weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation with combined low-intensity resistance exercise training with the legs.

Brachial and aortic blood pressures (systolic and diastolic) will be assessed using an arm cuff at baseline and after 4 weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation alone.

Brachial and aortic blood pressures (systolic and diastolic) will be assessed using an arm cuff after 4 additional weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation with combined low-intensity resistance exercise training with the legs.

Handgrip and leg strength (leg press, leg extension, leg flexion, calf raises) will be assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation alone.

After the 4-week assessment, handgrip and leg strength (leg press, leg extension, leg flexion, calf raises) will be assessed after 4 additional weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation with combined low-intensity resistance exercise training with the legs. These 4 exercises are to be of focus during the training sessions (3 days/week, 12 total training sessions).

Serum levels of L-Arginine (nmol/ul) will be assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation alone.

Serum levels ofarginase (pg/mL) will be assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation alone.

Serum levels ofnitric oxide (umol/L) will be assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation alone.

Serum levels of endothelin-1 (pg/mL) will be assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation alone.

Serum levels of L-Ornithine (pmol/ul) will be assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation alone.

After the 4-week assessment, serum levels of L-Arginine (nmol/ul) will be assessed after 4 additional weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation with combined low-intensity resistance exercise training with the legs.

After the 4-week assessment, serum levels of arginase (pg/mL) will be assessed after 4 additional weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation with combined low-intensity resistance exercise training with the legs.

After the 4-week assessment, serum levels of nitric oxide (umol/L) will be assessed after 4 additional weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation with combined low-intensity resistance exercise training with the legs.

After the 4-week assessment, serum levels of endothelin-1 (pg/mL) will be assessed after 4 additional weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation with combined low-intensity resistance exercise training with the legs.

After the 4-week assessment, serum levels of L-Ornithine (pmol/ul) will be assessed after 4 additional weeks of L-Citrulline supplementation with combined low-intensity resistance exercise training with the legs.